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Lesson 2 of 6 · 15 min · Checked on 10 October 2026

Working with documents: PDFs, spreadsheets and images

By the end of this lesson you will be able to:

  • Attach a PDF and ask for a summary, questions and a list of deadlines with the page for each one
  • Ask for calculations and a clean table, and check the sums in a spreadsheet
  • Photograph a document or a label and ask questions about it
  • Cover other people's data before attaching

Nine pages in thirty seconds

Joana is going to rent a two-bedroom flat (a "T2"). The landlord sent her the contract as a PDF: nine pages of small print. She adds the file to a conversation with the AI and writes:

Read this rental contract. Make a list of all the deadlines and amounts (rent, deposit, payment day, notice to leave, rent adjustments), with the page and the exact sentence where each one appears. Then tell me what questions I should ask the landlord before signing. In plain English.

In thirty seconds she has the list. She goes to page 6 to check the notice period and sees that the AI wrote 60 days. The contract says 120. A mistake like this, in a contract, is expensive.

The whole lesson is here: the AI saves you hours of reading documents, and you check what matters against the original.

What happens when you attach

When you add a file, the AI reads the text in it (or "looks at" the image) and works on it, as if you had pasted it. This has an advantage: working on what you give it, it makes up far less than when it answers from memory (Level 1, lesson 3). But it can misread a number, skip a page or merge two clauses into one.

And attaching is sending. The file goes to the computers of the company that runs the service, just like pasted text.

Watch out

Before attaching, cover other people's data. Joana's contract has the landlord's name, tax number and address: that is another person's data. In a PDF it is hard to delete, so there are two simple routes: copy only the paragraphs you need, or print the pages, cover the data with a piece of paper and take a photograph. Level 1, lesson 5 has the list of what never to send.

PDFs: summary, questions and deadlines

With a PDF in front of it, there are three requests that work almost every time:

  • Summary: "Summarise in 10 lines what these rules say about who can apply."
  • Questions: "What doubts should I take to the meeting with the landlord?" or "What does this document not explain?"
  • Deadlines and amounts: "Make a list of all the dates, deadlines and amounts, with the page for each one."

It works for the letter from the Finanças (the tax office), the rules of a competition run by the câmara (town council), the rental contract or the washing machine manual.

Tip

Always ask for "the page and the exact sentence". That way you confirm each deadline in seconds: go to the page, find the sentence, compare.

Tables: calculations and a clean version

Paulo is the treasurer of the parents' association. The expenses for the Christmas party are scattered across emails and notes. He pastes everything in and asks:

Organise these expenses in a table with the columns: date, description, category (food, decorations, gifts, other) and amount. Then work out the total for each category. At the end, give me the formulas so that I can do the same totals in a spreadsheet. Expenses: [paste here, without parents' or pupils' names]

The clean table saves him an hour. But he checks the totals in the spreadsheet.

Watch out

Check the sums in a spreadsheet: the AI makes mistakes when adding up. It treats numbers the way it treats words, by guessing what comes next. Some tools do the sums with a small program behind the scenes, and sometimes say so. Even so, the total that goes in the report is the spreadsheet's, and only after you check what it received: compare the values with the originals, see whether they are within the expected range and whether the formula points at the right cells, and redo one or two rows by hand.

Tip

Asking for the formulas is the best of both worlds: the AI tidies the table and tells you which sum to do, and the spreadsheet does the sum the same way every time. What can be wrong are the values that went in or the formula; so those are what you check.

Photographs: documents and labels

Not everything is in a PDF. You can take a photograph and ask:

  • The residents' association notice posted in the lift: "Summarise this in 3 lines."
  • The label on a garden product, written in a language you do not read well: "What does it say about gloves, children and animals?"
  • The label on a food package: "Does this contain nuts?"

For the photograph to be read well: good light, phone held straight, one page at a time and the whole document inside the picture. For a medicine or a dangerous product, the AI helps you understand, but you confirm with the leaflet or with the pharmacist.

The limits

  • Very long documents. The AI may summarise the beginning and the end well and skip over the middle (this is the context window from Level 1, lesson 3). Ask by parts: "Now only chapter 4."
  • Complex tables. Merged cells, several headers, scanned tables: the columns get swapped. First ask "Show me the table as you read it" and check before asking for calculations.
  • Handwriting. It reads part of it and guesses the rest. Ask: "Mark with [?] everything you could not read with certainty."

How it is done today

This is how it looks on 6 October 2026; your screen may differ.

All the main tools have a button for attaching, usually next to the box where you type: a paperclip or a "+" sign. On a computer you can also drag the file onto the conversation. On a phone, the same button usually lets you choose between a file, a photograph from the gallery or the camera. Free versions may limit how many files you send or their size: see the Current state page.

Exercise

How I know it worked a short summary, a list of deadlines with the page for each one and two deadlines checked by you in the original. If one of them was wrong, you have just seen why we check.

If it didn't work

  • Can't find the attach button? Look for the paperclip or the "+" next to the text box. If your version does not accept the file, copy the text and paste it.
  • Does the AI say it cannot read the file? The PDF may be scanned or protected. Take photographs of the pages you need.
  • Do the totals not match the spreadsheet? Trust the spreadsheet and ask the AI for the formulas instead of the totals.
  • Was the photograph read badly? More light, phone held straight, one page per photograph.

Videos

Como gerar relatório completo de Planilha Excel usando o ChatGPT | Passo a Passo
Excelente João · 10 min · PT-BR · subtitles · Watch on YouTube
Step by step: upload an Excel spreadsheet to ChatGPT and ask for analyses and a full report built from the data.
How to Use Claude for Excel (Step-by-Step Tutorial)
Kevin Stratvert · 9 min · EN · subtitles · Watch on YouTube
Tutorial for Claude for Excel: install it, clean data, fix formulas and generate summaries and charts. It shows clearly what AI does with a spreadsheet.

Test what you learned

1. You are going to apply for a grant and the rules run to 40 pages. Which is the best request, with the PDF attached?
2. The AI added up the expenses for the school party and gave €1,342.50. What do you do before putting the figure in the report?
3. You want to understand a few clauses of your rental contract. What do you do before attaching it?

Corrections to this lesson (1)
  • : Second external review: the spreadsheet always does the sum the same way, but the values and the formula can be wrong; check them against the originals, by the expected range and by redoing one row by hand before using the total.